Date of Award

Spring 2020

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science (BS)

Advisor(s)

Amy Aronson

Abstract

This research paper investigates the representation and composition differences in hit songs on the Billboard Hot 100 based on artist gender, focusing on whether there are notable disparities in the songs and the artists' attributes such as age and race. Through an analysis rooted in hit song science and feminist studies, this study examines both the compositional elements of the music and the demographic characteristics of the artists from a gender perspective. The findings suggest minor differences in the musical composition of hit songs performed by male versus female artists, which aligns with the industry trend where hit songs are typically crafted by collaborative songwriting teams. However, there are more pronounced differences in the characteristics of the artists themselves. Notably, female artists are significantly underrepresented on the Billboard Hot 100, with a marked discrepancy in genre representation and thematic content in lyrics. While themes of love are universally prevalent, themes like power and success are more dominant in songs performed by male artists, especially in genres like rap, which are predominantly male. The study concludes that while the compositional differences are slight, the representation and thematic differences are considerable, reflecting ongoing gender disparities in the modern music industry. These insights are crucial for industry stakeholders, including A&R and marketing divisions, highlighting the need for more inclusive practices and a broader exploration of genre and thematic diversity among female artists. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersection between commercial music success and gender dynamics, emphasizing the persistent challenges in achieving gender equity in the music industry.

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